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    Alcohol molecular structure

    Alcohol Stats & Data

    Depressant
    Beer Wine Etoh Booze Hooch ethanol
    PubChem CID 702
    PubChem
    MW46.07
    FormulaC2H6O
    LogP-0.1
    IUPACethanol
    InChIKeyLFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
    Psychoactive Class Depressant

    Pharmacology

    DrugBank
    State Liquid Absorption Rapidly absorbed.

    Description

    A clear, colorless liquid rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It has bactericidal activity and is used often as a topical disinfectant. It is widely used as a solvent and preservative in pharmaceutical preparations as well as serving as the primary ingredient in alcoholic beverages.

    Mechanism of Action

    Ethanol affects the brain’s neurons in several ways. It alters their membranes as well as their ion channels, enzymes, and receptors. Alcohol also binds directly to the receptors for acetylcholine, serotonin, GABA, and the NMDA receptors for glutamate. The sedative effects of ethanol are mediated through binding to GABA receptors and glycine receptors (alpha 1 and alpha 2 subunits). It also inhibits NMDA receptor functioning. In its role as an anti-infective, ethanol acts as an osmolyte or dehydrating agent that disrupts the osmotic balance across cell membranes.

    Pharmacodynamics

    Alcohol produces injury to cells by dehydration and precipitation of the cytoplasm or protoplasm. This accounts for its bacteriocidal and antifungal action. When alcohol is injected in close proximity to nerve tissues, it produces neuritis and nerve degeneration (neurolysis). Ninety to 98% of ethanol that enters the body is completely oxidized. Ethanol is also used as a cosolvent to dissolve many insoluble drugs and to serve as a mild sedative in some medicinal formulations. Ethanol also binds to GABA, glycine, NMDA receptors and modulates their effects. Ethanol is also metabolised by the hepatic enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase.

    Metabolism

    Hepatic. Metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2E1.

    Indication

    For therapeutic neurolysis of nerves or ganglia for the relief of intractable chronic pain in such conditions as inoperable cancer and trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux), in patients for whom neurosurgical procedures are contraindicated.

    Toxicity

    PsychonautWiki PubChem DrugBank

    The sensible use of alcohol in the short term is extremely unlikely to have any positive or detrimental effects on one's physical health. However, despite the widespread use and alcohol's legality in most countries, many medical sources tend to describe any level of alcohol intoxication as a form of poisoning due to ethanol's damaging effects on the body in large doses. The long-term effects of alcohol consumption range from cardioprotective health benefits for low to moderate alcohol consumption in industrialized societies with higher rates of cardiovascular disease to severe detrimental effects in cases of chronic alcohol abuse. High levels of alcohol consumption are associated with an increased risk of alcoholism, malnutrition, chronic pancreatitis, alcoholic liver disease, and cancer.

    LD50

    • LD50: 5628 mg/kg (Oral, rat)

    Carcinogenicity

    Group 1: Carcinogenic to humans

    Long-term effects

    The main active ingredient of wine, beer and distilled spirits is alcohol. Drinking small quantities of alcohol (less than one drink in women and two in men per day) is debated to decreased the risk of heart disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus, and early death. Drinking more than this amount, however, increases the risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, atrial fibrillation, and stroke.

    Tolerance & Pharmacokinetics

    drugs.wiki

    Tolerance Decay

    Full tolerance 3d Half tolerance 37d Baseline ~60d

    Cross-Tolerances

    GHB
    30% ●○○
    GBL
    30% ●○○
    Phenibut
    30% ●○○

    Experience Report Analysis

    Erowid BlueLight
    1,136 Reports
    1990–2025 Date Range
    380 With Age Data
    34 Effects Detected

    Demographics

    Gender Distribution

    Age Distribution

    Reports Over Time

    Effect Analysis

    Erowid + Bluelight

    Effects aggregated from 1,174 experience reports (1,136 Erowid + 38 Bluelight)

    1,174 Reports
    121 Effects Detected
    45 Positive
    63 Adverse
    13 Neutral

    Effect Sentiment Distribution

    Confidence Distribution

    Positive Effects 45

    Anxiety Suppression 41.1% 84%
    Euphoria 32.1% 88%
    Stimulation 29.3% 81%
    Music Enhancement 27.0% 85%
    Sedation 24.3% 80%
    Empathy 22.8% 75%
    Sociability Enhancement 21.1% 86%
    Color Enhancement 20.2% 65%
    Tactile Enhancement 19.5% 70%
    Focus Enhancement 16.5% 79%
    Awe 10.5% 82%
    Contentment 10.5% 76%
    Body High 10.3% 85%
    Introspection 9.4% 82%
    Morphing 7.9% 87%
    Entity Imagery 7.9% 83%
    Libido Enhancement 7.9% 82%
    Geometric Imagery 5.3% 85%
    Oneness 5.3% 88%
    Cosmic Significance 5.3% 82%

    Adverse Effects 63

    Vomiting 28.9% 90%
    Confusion 27.8% 84%
    Nausea 27.7% 87%
    Body Load 26.3% 80%
    Thought Disorganization 23.7% 77%
    Amnesia 21.1% 88%
    Memory Suppression 19.3% 78%
    Depersonalization 18.4% 81%
    Dizziness 15.8% 82%
    Fear 13.2% 91%
    Tremor 13.2% 84%
    Motor Impairment 11.3% 86%
    Thought Loops 10.5% 80%
    Paranoia 10.5% 82%
    Disinhibition 10.5% 81%
    Headache 8.5% 80%
    Dysphoria 7.9% 87%
    Thought Acceleration 7.9% 82%
    Panic 7.9% 88%
    Shame 7.9% 85%

    Subjective Effect Ontology

    Experience Reports

    Structured effect tags extracted from 1,174 Erowid & Bluelight experience reports using a controlled vocabulary of 220+ canonical effects across 15 domains.

    Auditory

    music enhancement 317 27.0% auditory distortions 192 16.9%

    Cognitive

    confusion 326 27.8% memory suppression 227 19.3% focus enhancement 194 16.5% introspection 111 9.4%

    Emotional

    anxiety suppression 483 41.1% euphoria 377 32.1% empathy 268 22.8%

    Gastrointestinal

    nausea 326 27.7%

    Motor

    stimulation 344 29.3% sedation 285 24.3% motor impairment 133 11.3%

    Selfhood

    dissociation 136 11.6%

    Somatic

    body high 121 10.3% headache 100 8.5%

    Tactile

    tactile enhancement 222 19.5%

    Visual

    visual distortions 336 28.7% color enhancement 237 20.2% closed eye visuals 122 10.7%

    20 unique effects extracted · Derived from Erowid & Bluelight reports

    Dosage Distribution

    Dose distribution from experience reports

    Median: 375.0 ml IQR: 300.0–750.0 ml n=41

    Real-World Dose Distribution

    62K Doses

    From 1946 individual dose entries

    Oral (n=6)

    Median: 540.0mg 25th: 57.5mg 75th: 1000.0mg 90th: 3500.0mg
    mg/kg median: 1.069 mg/kg 75th: 15.204

    Common Combinations

    Most co-occurring substances in experience reports

    Form / Preparation

    Most common forms and preparations reported

    Body-Weight Dosing

    Dose relative to body weight from reports with weight data

    Median: 6.356 mg/kg IQR: 4.032–10.0 mg/kg n=42

    Redose Patterns

    Redosing behavior across 866 reports

    14.3% Redosed
    1.2 Avg Doses
    60m Median Interval
    Read full reports on Erowid →
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