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    4-FMC molecular structure

    4-FMC Stats & Data

    Drone 4f-mcat Flephedrone Fpephedrone 4-fluoromethcathinone 4fmc
    NPS DataHub
    MW181.21
    FormulaC10H12FNO
    CAS447-40-5
    IUPAC1-(4-Fluorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)propan-1-one
    SMILESCNC(C)C(=O)c1ccc(F)cc1
    InChIKeyMWKQPIROPJSFRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
    Phenethylamines; Cathinones; 2020/1. Von 2-Phenethylamin abgeleitete Verbindungen; 2021/1. Von 2-Phenethylamin abgeleitete Verbindungen; 2022/1. Von 2-Phenethylamin abgeleitete Verbindungen
    Chemical Class Cathinone
    Psychoactive Class Stimulant
    Half-Life Unknown in humans; short-acting based on effect windows (few hours).

    Receptor Profile

    Receptor Actions

    Inhibitors
    Dopamine reuptake inhibitor
    Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
    Other
    Dopamine releasing agent
    Norepinephrine releasing agent
    Serotonin releasing agent (partial)

    History & Culture

    Flephedrone first appeared on the recreational drug market in 2008, where it was sold online as a designer drug. It was marketed primarily as a replacement for mephedrone, which was gaining popularity during the same period. The substance represents one of the earlier synthetic cathinones to emerge in the designer drug marketplace, and its appearance prompted rapid regulatory responses across multiple jurisdictions, with Denmark becoming one of the first countries to prohibit it by the end of 2008.

    Effect Profile

    Curated + 3 Reports
    Empathogen 7.7

    Strong euphoria and sensory enhancement with moderate empathy, mild stimulation

    Empathy / Social Openness×3
    7
    Euphoria / Mood Elevation×2
    10
    Stimulation×1
    5
    Sensory Enhancement×1
    8
    Stimulant 4.9

    Strong euphoria and anxiety/jitters with mild focus, low stimulation

    Stimulation / Energy×3
    3
    Euphoria / Mood Lift×2
    10
    Focus / Productivity×2
    5
    Anxiety / Jitters×1
    10

    Tolerance & Pharmacokinetics

    drugs.wiki
    Half-Life
    Unknown in humans; short-acting based on effect windows (few hours).
    Addiction Potential
    Moderate to high. Repeated redosing is common and can lead to compulsive use patterns and dependence similar to other dopaminergic/serotonergic stimulants.

    Tolerance Decay

    Full tolerance 2d Half tolerance 7d Baseline ~28d

    Tolerance to entactogenic/stimulant effects appears to build rapidly across a single day and decays over 1–6 weeks. Values are rough, inferred from user reports for short‑acting cathinones; data quality is anecdotal.

    Cross-Tolerances

    Other stimulants (amphetamines, cathinones)
    50% ●○○

    Experience Report Analysis

    Erowid
    3 Reports
    2009–2017 Date Range
    3 With Age Data

    Demographics

    Gender Distribution

    Age Distribution

    Reports Over Time

    Form / Preparation

    Most common forms and preparations reported

    Legal Status

    Country Status Notes
    Australia Potentially illegal Most likely controlled as an analogue or derivative of cathinone under analogue provisions. Legal status may vary by state and territory.
    Brazil Illegal Controlled since 2017 as an analogue or derivative of cathinone under Brazilian drug legislation.
    China Controlled Listed as a controlled substance since October 2015 under national drug control regulations.
    Denmark Illegal Prohibited since December 2008. One of the earliest European nations to control flephedrone.
    Finland Controlled Scheduled in the government decree on psychoactive substances banned from the consumer market.
    Lithuania Illegal Prohibited since April 2010 under national drug control legislation.
    Poland Illegal Prohibited since April 2010 under national controlled substances legislation.
    Sweden Narcotic Classified as a narcotic substance since October 2010. Subject to penalties under Swedish narcotics law.
    United Kingdom Illegal Prohibited since April 2010. Possession, production, and supply are criminal offenses.
    United States Schedule I Temporarily placed in Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act at the federal level. Permanently listed as Schedule I in Florida, Georgia, and Pennsylvania.

    Harm Reduction

    drugs.wiki

    Reasoning for harm‑reduction additions (with sources): 1) Mislabeling risk is high: both 3‑FMC and 4‑FMC have been sold as “flephedrone”; this explains divergent reports and mandates allergy testing and lab checking when possible. Bluelight threads explicitly discuss the 3‑FMC/4‑FMC confusion; EMCDDA’s cathinone profile lists 4‑FMC as flephedrone and notes NPS are often mis‑sold. 2) Oral vs insufflated risks: user timelines support short, stacked duration with a harsher crash when snorted; several reports describe painful, irritating drips and long tails after repeat lines. Favor oral to reduce nasal damage and compulsive re‑lining. 3) MAOI combos are dangerous with stimulants/MDMA due to hypertensive crisis and serotonin toxicity; this general rule applies to cathinones as mixed monoamine agents. 4) Tramadol and bupropion lower the seizure threshold; both increase seizure risk when combined with stimulants. Avoid. 5) General stimulant harm reduction applies: overheating and hypertension are risks; stay cool, avoid hot environments, plan rest; do not mix multiple stimulants. 6) Injection/rectal use increases harm and has been linked to outbreaks (HIV/HCV) with cathinones in Europe; avoid injecting and share no equipment. 7) Set dosing boundaries to prevent binges: pre‑measure single dose plus at most one booster; lock away remainder; use a milligram scale; avoid multi‑day runs to reduce comedown intensity and sleep deprivation. 8) Hydration: sip small amounts of electrolyte fluids regularly; avoid overhydration; take cooling breaks. 9) Post‑use care: magnesium for bruxism, gentle nutrition, sleep hygiene; avoid alcohol and strong stimulants on the comedown. 10) Space uses generously: at least 2–4 weeks between sessions to let tolerance and mood normalize. 11) Drug checking: use reagents and, where available, lab drug checking services; branded “legal highs” may contain other cathinones (e.g., MDPV) with very different dose ranges. 12) If chest pain, severe agitation, hyperthermia, or persistent tachycardia occurs, seek urgent care and disclose stimulant use. Sources are cited below. Overall toxicity data for 4‑FMC in humans are sparse; guidance extrapolates from related cathinones and HR best practice.

    References

    Data Sources

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