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    a-PVP molecular structure

    a-PVP Stats & Data

    Flakka Gravel Flocka O-2387 Alpha-pyrrolidinopentiophenone alpha-pvp apvp α-pvp
    NPS DataHub
    MW267.8
    FormulaC15H22ClNO
    CAS5485-65-4
    IUPAC(RS)-1-Phenyl-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-pentanone.hydrochloride
    SMILES[Cl-].CCCC(N1CCCC1)C(=O)c1ccccc1.[H+]
    InChIKeyROMXVSMENBAYRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
    Phenethylamines; Cathinones; 2020/1. Von 2-Phenethylamin abgeleitete Verbindungen; 2021/1. Von 2-Phenethylamin abgeleitete Verbindungen; 2022/1. Von 2-Phenethylamin abgeleitete Verbindungen
    Chemical Class Amphetamine
    Psychoactive Class Stimulant
    Half-Life Unknown in humans; clinical course suggests multi‑hour activity with prolonged after‑effects; formal PK data are lacking.

    Interaction Warnings

    stimulants

    α-PVP can be potentially dangerous in combination with other stimulants as it can increase one's heart rate and blood pressure to dangerous levels.

    mdma

    The neurotoxic effects of MDMA may be increased when combined with other stimulants.

    cocaine

    This combination may increase strain on the heart.

    Subjective Effects

    Physical
    • Spontaneous tactile sensations: The body high of α-PVP can be described as a moderate to extreme euphoric tingling sensation that encompasses the entire body. It is capable of becoming overwhelming at higher dosages. This sensation maintains a consistent presence that steadily rises with the onset and hits its limit once the peak has been reached.
    • Stimulation: In terms of its effects on the user's physical energy levels, α-PVP can be considered to be extremely stimulating and energetic. This encourages activities such as running, climbing and dancing. The particular style of stimulation which α-PVP presents can be described as forced. This means that at higher dosages it becomes difficult or impossible to keep still as jaw clenching, involuntarily bodily shakes and vibrations become present, resulting in an extreme unsteadiness of the hands and a general lack of motor control.
    • Vibrating vision: A person's eyeballs may begin to spontaneously wiggle back and forth in a rapid motion, causing vision to become blurry and temporarily out of focus - a condition known as nystagmus.
    • Dehydration: Dry mouth and dehydration are a universal experience with α-PVP and are a product of an increased heart rate and extreme motivation to engage in strenuous physical activities.
    • Difficulty urinating: Higher doses of α-PVP result in an overall difficulty when it comes to urination, an effect that is completely temporary and harmless.
    • Vasoconstriction: α-PVP can be considered very vasoconstricting at higher doses, and is on par with that of amphetamine and methamphetamine.
    • Tactile enhancement
    • Increased heart rate
    • Increased perspiration
    • Appetite suppression
    • Visual acuity suppression
    • Focus enhancement
    Cognitive

    The cognitive effects of α-PVP can be broken down into several components which progressively intensify proportional to dosage. The general head space of α-PVP is described by many as one of extreme mental stimulation and powerful euphoria. It contains a large number of typical stimulant cognitive effects.

    • Euphoria: A euphoria very similar to amphetamine is present as well as feelings of joy and happiness and are likely a direct result of serotonin and dopamine release.
    • Thought acceleration
    • Analysis enhancement
    • Immersion enhancement
    • Time distortion: Strong feelings of time compression are common within α-PVP and increase in the perception of perceived experience is greatly increased.
    • Ego inflation
    • Disinhibition
    • Motivation enhancement
    • Anxiety
    • Compulsive redosing
    • Cognitive fatigue: This component can occur during the offset of this compound as a rebound effect which is usually equal in its intensity to the enhancements which occurred before it.

    Forked from Subjective Effect Documentation by Josie Kins, September 2015. Via dose.wiki (CC0).

    Toxicity

    PsychonautWiki

    The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational α-PVP use do not appear to have been studied in any scientific context and the exact toxic dosage is unknown. This is because α-PVP has very little history of human usage. Anecdotal reports suggest that there do not seem to be any negative health effects attributed to simply trying this substance at low to moderate doses by itself and using it sparingly (but nothing can be guaranteed). α-PVP has been reported to be the cause, or a significant contributory cause, of death in suicides and overdoses caused by combinations of drugs. α-PVP has also been linked to at least one death where it was combined with pentedrone and caused heart failure.

    Addiction & dependence

    As with other stimulants, the chronic use of α-PVP can be considered highly addictive with a high potential for abuse and is capable of causing psychological dependence among certain users. When addiction has developed, cravings and withdrawal effects may occur if a person suddenly stops their usage. Tolerance to many of the effects of α-PVP develops with prolonged and repeated use.

    Effect Profile

    Curated + 11 Reports
    Stimulant 6.4

    Strong anxiety/jitters, euphoria, and focus with mild stimulation

    Stimulation / Energy×3
    5
    Euphoria / Mood Lift×2
    9
    Focus / Productivity×2
    9
    Anxiety / Jitters×1
    10

    Tolerance & Pharmacokinetics

    drugs.wiki
    Half-Life
    Unknown in humans; clinical course suggests multi‑hour activity with prolonged after‑effects; formal PK data are lacking.
    Addiction Potential
    High. α‑PVP shows strong abuse liability and binge/redose patterns similar to MDPV and other pyrrolidinophenones; users frequently report compulsive use and difficulty stopping within sessions.

    Tolerance Decay

    Full tolerance 2d Half tolerance 7d Baseline ~14d

    Rapid tolerance buildup within/between sessions is widely reported for pyrrolidinophenones; decay back toward baseline likely occurs over 1–2 weeks of abstinence. Values are heuristic, based on stimulant tolerance patterns and user reports; high uncertainty.

    Cross-Tolerances

    Other cathinones (e.g., MDPV, α‑PHP, NEP)
    60% ●○○
    Common stimulants (amphetamine, cocaine)
    30% ●○○

    Experience Report Analysis

    Erowid
    11 Reports
    2012–2016 Date Range
    11 With Age Data
    10 Effects Detected

    Demographics

    Gender Distribution

    Age Distribution

    Reports Over Time

    Effect Analysis

    Erowid

    Effects aggregated from 11 experience reports (11 Erowid)

    11 Reports
    10 Effects Detected
    6 Positive
    3 Adverse
    1 Neutral

    Effect Sentiment Distribution

    Confidence Distribution

    Positive Effects 6

    Euphoria 81.8% 70%
    Stimulation 54.5% 70%
    Focus Enhancement 45.5% 70%
    Empathy 45.5% 70%
    Pain Relief 27.3% 70%
    Tactile Enhancement 27.3% 70%

    Adverse Effects 3

    Anxiety 72.7% 70%
    Increased Heart Rate 63.6% 70%
    Psychosis 27.3% 70%

    Form / Preparation

    Most common forms and preparations reported

    Redose Patterns

    Redosing behavior across 10 reports

    60.0% Redosed
    1.8 Avg Doses
    65m Median Interval

    Harm Reduction

    drugs.wiki

    α‑PVP is a high‑potency NDRI‑like stimulant closely related to MDPV; clinical presentations consistently match a sympathomimetic toxidrome (tachycardia, hypertension, agitation, hyperthermia), and fatalities and excited delirium have been documented. Smoking/vaporizing and IV routes are associated with very rapid onset, intense reinforcement, and binges; avoid these routes or use extreme caution as compulsive redosing can escalate toxicity quickly. Mis‑sold cathinone products are common: recent Swiss drug checking found alpha‑PVP sold as 3‑MMC; a typical 3‑MMC oral dose (100–200 mg) would be a massive overdose if the material were α‑PVP (active at single‑digit milligrams). Test samples via a trusted drug checking service; note that home reagents often cannot distinguish between specific cathinones. If severe agitation, chest pain, confusion, or overheating occur, seek emergency care; medical management of sympathomimetic toxicity typically prioritizes benzodiazepines for sedation, cooling, IV fluids, and monitoring—do not rely on self‑administered sedatives. Avoid combining with MAOIs or additional stimulants; these combinations substantially increase risks of hypertensive crisis, hyperthermia, seizures, and arrhythmias. Hydrate with electrolytes and take cooling breaks during physical activity, but avoid overconsumption of plain water to reduce hyponatremia risk. Injecting carries high risks (infection, blood‑borne viruses, rapid toxicity); if injecting, always use sterile equipment and never share; safer‑use facilities may offer supervised spaces and supplies in some regions. Do not drive or operate machinery during effects or comedown; stimulants impair judgment during the rise and can leave rebound fatigue and anxiety as they wear off. Dependence risk is significant; plan sessions with hard stopping rules (no access to stash; alarms to stop; prearranged sleep and nutrition) and long breaks between uses.

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