Summary
A benzodiazepine drug that is stronger in terms of anxiety relief than it is in terms of how hypnotic it is. It is a metabolite of diazepam and has limited anticonvulsant properties.
Dose Information
| ROA | Light | Common | Strong | Heavy |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oral | 10-20mg | 20-40mg | - | 40mg+ |
Light
Common
Strong
Heavy
Onset, Duration & After-effects
| ROA | Onset | Peak | After Effects | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oral | 45-90 min | 8.0-12.0 hrs | 1.0-12.0 hrs | 480-0 min |
Tolerance
Build-up
develops over 1–4 weeks of daily use; hypnotic tolerance faster than anxiolytic tolerance
Reset
weeks to months depending on half-life and duration of use; taper recommended
Effects
Positive
- Stimulation
Negative
- Motor impairment
- Increased heart rate
- Pupil dilation
- Insomnia
- Nausea
- Vasoconstriction
- Restlessness
- Sedation
- Decreased appetite
Positive
- Reduced anxiety
- Euphoria
- Cognitive euphoria
- Wakefulness
- Empathy
Negative
- Anxiety
- Confusion
- Compulsive redosing
- Time distortion
- Talkativeness
Positive
- Increased music appreciation
- Color enhancement
- Brightened colour
- Tactile enhancement
Negative
- Light sensitivity
- Disinhibition
- Appetite suppression
- Dehydration
- Dulled perception
- Drifting