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    Deschloroketamine molecular structure

    Deschloroketamine Stats & Data

    2'-oxo-pcm 2-oxo-pcm dck dxe o-pcm opcm
    NPS DataHub
    MW239.74
    FormulaC13H18ClNO
    CAS4631-27-0
    IUPAChydrogen 2-(methylamino)-2-phenylcyclohexan-1-one chloride
    SMILES[Cl-].CNC1(CCCCC1=O)c1ccccc1.[H+]
    InChIKeyKJMDOBYGKOIRQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
    2021/6. Von Arylcyclohexylamin abgeleitete Verbindungen; 2022/6. Von Arylcyclohexylamin abgeleitete Verbindungen
    Psychoactive Class Dissociative
    Half-Life Unknown in humans; user reports suggest a psychoactive window often longer than ketamine despite similar presumed elimination times. Treat as longer‑acting and avoid redosing based on ketamine timing.

    History & Culture

    1966–present

    Deschloroketamine was first described in a 1966 patent filed by Calvin Stevens at Parke-Davis in Michigan. Stevens, who is also credited with the synthesis of ketamine and phencyclidine, outlined the preparation methods for this structurally related compound. Despite this early documentation, the substance did not see significant investigation or use for several decades following its initial synthesis.

    1998–2000

    In the late 1990s, researchers Detlef Preiss and Akos Tatar from Germany filed a series of patents describing potential medical applications for deschloroketamine. Their work proposed that the substance possessed antimicrobial properties and could provide therapeutic benefit for bacterial, fungal, viral, and protozoal infections. The patents also suggested potential immunomodulatory effects at low doses of approximately 2 milligrams per day. These claims have remained largely uninvestigated by subsequent research, and speculation regarding these alleged properties continues within discussions of the substance. The potential implications of any antimicrobial or immunosuppressive activity, if validated, could represent health concerns for individuals using the substance recreationally.

    2015–2016

    Deschloroketamine first appeared on European drug monitoring systems in March 2015, when the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction received its initial report through the European Union's Early Warning System. This report originated from the United Kingdom. Analysis of drug seizures in Italy between 2015 and 2016 revealed that deschloroketamine was being sold misrepresented as ketamine. Of 102 envelopes seized that were purportedly ketamine powder, all green and blue envelopes were determined to contain deschloroketamine, while pink envelopes contained methoxetamine. By 2016, the substance had established a presence on dark net marketplaces including AlphaBay and Valhalla. Data from the United States Drug Enforcement Administration's laboratory system documented at least eight seizures of deschloroketamine within the country during that year. The compound has since become readily accessible through online research chemical vendors, where it continues to be sold as a designer drug despite its very limited history of human use and minimal data regarding its pharmacological properties and toxicity.

    Effect Profile

    Curated + 31 Reports
    Dissociative 5.7

    Strong dissociative depth, motor impairment, and mania with mild insight

    Dissociative Depth×3
    1010
    Mania / Compulsion×1
    84.3
    Insight / Novel Thought×2
    41.9
    Motor / Sensory Impairment×1
    106.5
    Catalog Erowid

    Duration Timeline

    Bluelight
    Onset Comeup Peak Offset After Effects
    Insufflated
    6-12 minutes
    30 minutes - 1.0 hours
    1.5-2.5 hours
    1-2 hours
    3-24 hours
    Total: 3-6 hours
    Oral
    12-30 minutes
    30 minutes - 1.0 hours
    1.5-2.5 hours
    1-2 hours
    3-24 hours
    Total: 3-6 hours
    Smoked
    1-8 hours
    Total: 3-6 hours

    Community Effects

    TripSit
    Positive
    dissociation
    Negative
    body load

    Tolerance & Pharmacokinetics

    drugs.wiki
    Half-Life
    Unknown in humans; user reports suggest a psychoactive window often longer than ketamine despite similar presumed elimination times. Treat as longer‑acting and avoid redosing based on ketamine timing.
    Addiction Potential
    Moderate to high. Rapid tolerance, strong urge to redose, and daily gram‑level binges have been described anecdotally; dissociative habit formation is well‑documented for ketamine analogues.

    Cross-Tolerances

    Ketamine
    70% ●○○
    O-PCE
    60% ●○○
    MXE
    60% ●○○
    DXM
    30% ●○○
    Other arylcyclohexylamines
    60% ●○○

    Experience Report Analysis

    Erowid
    31 Reports
    2016–2025 Date Range
    29 With Age Data
    25 Effects Detected

    Demographics

    Gender Distribution

    Age Distribution

    Reports Over Time

    Effect Analysis

    Erowid

    Effects aggregated from 31 experience reports (31 Erowid)

    31 Reports
    25 Effects Detected
    10 Positive
    8 Adverse
    7 Neutral

    Effect Sentiment Distribution

    Confidence Distribution

    Positive Effects 10

    Stimulation 54.8% 70%
    Music Enhancement 48.4% 70%
    Color Enhancement 41.9% 70%
    Euphoria 38.7% 70%
    Empathy 35.5% 70%
    Tactile Enhancement 25.8% 70%
    Introspection 25.8% 70%
    Focus Enhancement 16.1% 70%
    Body High 12.9% 70%
    Creativity Enhancement 12.9% 70%

    Adverse Effects 8

    Anxiety 38.7% 70%
    Confusion 32.3% 70%
    Motor Impairment 22.6% 70%
    Nausea 22.6% 70%
    Psychosis 12.9% 70%
    Memory Suppression 9.7% 70%
    Increased Heart Rate 9.7% 70%
    Pupil Dilation 9.7% 70%

    Real-World Dose Distribution

    62K Doses

    From 70 individual dose entries

    Rectal (n=28)

    Median: 12.5mg 25th: 10.0mg 75th: 20.0mg 90th: 25.0mg

    Oral (n=14)

    Median: 35.0mg 25th: 20.0mg 75th: 40.0mg 90th: 47.0mg
    mg/kg median: 0.49 mg/kg 75th: 0.501

    Sublingual (n=5)

    Median: 40.0mg 25th: 30.0mg 75th: 50.0mg 90th: 50.0mg
    mg/kg median: 0.648 mg/kg 75th: 0.648

    Insufflated (n=15)

    Median: 30.0mg 25th: 15.0mg 75th: 50.0mg 90th: 86.0mg
    mg/kg median: 0.407 mg/kg 75th: 0.71

    Common Combinations

    Most co-occurring substances in experience reports

    Form / Preparation

    Most common forms and preparations reported

    Body-Weight Dosing

    Dose relative to body weight from reports with weight data

    Median: 0.407 mg/kg IQR: 0.331–0.919 mg/kg n=8

    Redose Patterns

    Redosing behavior across 28 reports

    28.6% Redosed
    1.5 Avg Doses
    203m Median Interval

    Legal Status

    Country Status Notes
    Austria Illegal Controlled under the Neue-Psychoaktive-Substanzen-Verordnung (NPSV), Austria's new psychoactive substances regulation.
    Canada Controlled Prohibited under a general ban on arylcyclohexylamines. Production, distribution, and possession are illegal.
    Czech Republic Legal Not currently scheduled or controlled under Czech drug legislation. Possession and use are not criminalized.
    Germany NpSG (Controlled) Controlled under the Neue-psychoaktive-Stoffe-Gesetz (New Psychoactive Substances Act) since July 18, 2019. Production and import with intent to distribute, administration to others, and trading are criminal offenses. Possession is prohibited but not subject to criminal penalties.
    Italy Illegal Classified as an illegal substance under Italian drug control legislation.
    Latvia Illegal Prohibited substance under Latvian controlled substances laws.
    Netherlands Legal (under review) Remains unscheduled as of the available information, though regulatory review was scheduled with a plenary hearing set for January 21, 2025.
    Switzerland Controlled (Verzeichnis E) Specifically named as a controlled substance under Verzeichnis E of the Swiss narcotics scheduling system.
    United Kingdom Class B Controlled under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971. Covered by the arylcyclohexylamine generic clause as an N-alkyl derivative of 2-amino-2-phenylcyclohexanone, added via S.I. 2013/239 effective February 26, 2013. Possession, production, supply, and import are prohibited.
    United States Uncontrolled Not a scheduled substance at the federal level as of July 2017. However, it may be subject to prosecution under the Federal Analogue Act if sold for human consumption due to its structural similarity to ketamine.

    Harm Reduction

    drugs.wiki

    • Identity/purity vary: DCK is frequently confused with or sold alongside ketamine analogues; lab checking is strongly advised where available. Toronto’s Drug Checking Service has detected deschloroketamine within expected ketamine submissions, highlighting substitution/mixing risk in real-world markets. Use lab‑grade drug checking when possible; reagents alone are not definitive. • Compared to racemic ketamine, DCK is typically reported as roughly 2–3× as potent by weight and longer‑lasting; this increases the risk of accidental over-intoxication if dosing by ‘ketamine-sized’ lines. • Strong dissociation can rapidly escalate to incapacitation or delusional states at higher doses; plan set/setting, sit down before dosing, and avoid heights/water. Physical accident risk is increased on dissociatives. • Bladder/urinary toxicity: heavy or frequent arylcyclohexylamine use is linked to ulcerative cystitis and kidney issues; stop immediately if you notice urgency, frequency, pain, hematuria, or incontinence, and seek medical evaluation. Space sessions (days to weeks), hydrate normally (avoid extreme over-hydration), and urinate regularly during/after use to reduce urothelial exposure. • Tolerance rises quickly and can promote compulsive redosing; many users report mood instability, insomnia, and cognitive fog after binges. • Insufflation harms nasal mucosa; crush finely, use your own sterile straw/scoop, rinse with saline, and rest your nose. • Vaporizing/inhalation has an ultra-rapid onset that can cause sudden blackout; avoid using in risky environments and beware of freebase aerosolization. • Do not mix with other depressants (alcohol, GHB/GBL, opioids); this combination is associated with unexpected unconsciousness and aspiration risk. Benzodiazepines add sedation and can complicate airway protection if you lose consciousness. • Avoid driving or operating machinery for at least 24 hours after dissociative use (and longer if you still feel affected). • Leave at least 48–72 h between sessions to curb tolerance and reduce urinary risk; weeks are safer after heavy days. • Always weigh doses on a milligram scale; if the batch is unverified, start at the threshold range and titrate slowly.

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