Desoxypipradrol Stats & Data
[Cl-].C1CCC(NC1)C(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1.[H+]NTADPDIPKMRRQV-UHFFFAOYSA-NPharmacology
DrugBankMechanism of Action
The ATP-Mg++-dependent uptake of (3)H dopamine and l-(3)H norepinephrine into purified synaptic vesicles of whole rat brain, rat striatum and rat hypothalamus was inhibited 10-fold more effectively by S-(+)-amphetamine as compared to its corresponding (R-(-)-enantiomer. In contrast, S-(+)-deoxypipradrol and its R-(-)-enantiomer were approximately equipotent inhibitors of 3H-amine uptake into these synaptic vesicular preparations. The 1R:2R-methylphenidate was twice as potent as its 1R:2S-enantio
Receptor Profile
Receptor Actions
History & Culture
1950s–present
Desoxypipradrol was developed by the pharmaceutical company Ciba (now Novartis) during the 1950s. The compound was initially investigated for therapeutic applications including the treatment of narcolepsy and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and was marketed in Germany under the trade name Weckamine. However, development was discontinued after Ciba developed the related compound methylphenidate, which was considered superior for treating ADHD due to its shorter duration of action and more predictable pharmacokinetic profile. Additional research explored desoxypipradrol's potential for facilitating rapid recovery from anesthesia, but this line of investigation was also not pursued further.
2000s–present
The compound reappeared in the mid to late 2000s as part of the emerging novel psychoactive substance market. It was sold primarily through online vendors as a gray market research chemical and became available in various branded products marketed under names such as Ivory Wave, Purple Wave, Vanilla Sky, and Whack. The availability of these products led to numerous hospitalizations and emergency department presentations, with fatalities and severe adverse events appearing more common when the drug was consumed in these branded preparations—likely due to inconsistent dosing and inaccurate potency labeling. These incidents prompted regulatory responses in multiple countries.
Effect Profile
Curated + 5 ReportsStrong anxiety/jitters and euphoria with moderate focus, mild stimulation
Tolerance & Pharmacokinetics
drugs.wikiTolerance Decay
Anecdotal pattern: functional ‘benefit’ tolerance builds across consecutive days while adverse effects increase; several days to weeks are needed for baseline reset. Data are low quality and user‑reported, not from controlled PK/PD studies.
Cross-Tolerances
Experience Report Analysis
ErowidDemographics
Gender Distribution
Age Distribution
Reports Over Time
Effect Analysis
ErowidEffects aggregated from 5 experience reports (5 Erowid)
Effect Sentiment Distribution
Confidence Distribution
Positive Effects 2
Adverse Effects 0
Form / Preparation
Most common forms and preparations reported
Legal Status
| Country | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| China | Controlled substance | Classified as a controlled substance as of October 2015 under national drug control legislation. |
| Germany | Anlage II BtMG | Controlled under Anlage II of the Betäubungsmittelgesetz (Narcotics Act, Schedule II) since December 13, 2014. Manufacturing, possession, import, export, buying, selling, procuring, or dispensing without a license is prohibited. |
| Russia | Schedule I | Listed as a prohibited substance in Schedule I under the designation (Пиперидин-2-ил)дифенилметан (piperidine-2-yl diphenylmethane). |
| Switzerland | Uncontrolled | Not listed under Buchstabe A, B, C, or D of controlled substances legislation. May be considered legal to possess. |
| United Kingdom | Class B, Schedule I | Import ban implemented November 4, 2010 following an ACMD recommendation citing serious harms including prolonged agitation lasting up to 5 days, paranoia, hallucinations, and myoclonus. Classified as a Class B drug and placed in Schedule I on June 13, 2012 under a blanket ban covering related chemical structures. Esters and ethers of pipradrol were controlled as Class C drugs under the same amendment. |
| United States | Unscheduled | Not federally scheduled and therefore legal to possess and import. However, as a structural analog of pipradrol (a Schedule IV controlled substance), prosecution under the Federal Analogue Act may be possible if sold or distributed for human consumption. |
Harm Reduction
drugs.wiki2‑DPMP is a very long‑acting, highly potent NDRI; delayed onset (up to ~2 h) often leads to premature redosing and multi‑day wakefulness. Volumetric dosing and a 0.001 g (milligram) scale reduce overdose risk. Re‑dosing during the same day (or within 24 h) significantly increases chances of severe agitation, paranoia, and insomnia lasting 1–3 days, with numerous reports of psychosis after multi‑day wakefulness. Intranasal use is commonly reported as caustic to nasal mucosa and provides no safety benefit over oral dosing. Because of the long half‑life, avoid evening dosing; plan for sleep disruption and do not ‘stack’ doses if effects feel light in the first 2 hours. People with cardiovascular disease, hypertension, arrhythmia, or significant anxiety/psychotic disorders should avoid 2‑DPMP due to elevated risks (tachycardia, hypertension, panic, psychosis). If severe symptoms appear (chest pain, confusion, hyperthermia, seizures, or unmanageable agitation), seek urgent medical care; supportive cooling, hydration, and clinical benzodiazepines are typical first‑line approaches for stimulant toxicity—do not rely on alcohol or self‑sedation. Mislabeling/substitution has historically been an issue (e.g., ‘Ivory Wave’ products); use professional drug checking where available and wait at least 2 hours after an initial test dose before any consideration of re‑dose. Repeated day‑to‑day use rapidly increases adverse mental effects and yields diminishing functional benefits; spacing uses by multiple weeks lowers harm. Avoid driving or high‑risk tasks with sleep loss or residual stimulation present.
References
Data Sources
Cited References
- Baselt (2014) - Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man
- Corkery et al. (2012) - 2-DPMP and D2PM: A Preliminary Review
- Desoxypipradrol (2-DPMP) ACMD Report (2010)
- Ferris & Tang (1979) - Comparison of Isomers of Amphetamine, Methylphenidate and Deoxypipradrol
- Schifano et al. (2012) - Use and Acute Toxicity of D2PM and 2-DPMP
- Talk to Frank: 2-DPMP
- TripSit Factsheet: 2-DPMP
- 2-DPMP Substance Summary
- DrugBank: Pipradrol
Drugs.wiki References
- 2‑DPMP — Substance Search summary (half‑life, cautions, nasal mucosa warning, duration)
- ACMD/UK context (Ivory Wave; harms leading to control) — community archive
- User reports of prolonged wakefulness/psychosis after redosing (example thread)
- Reddit harm‑reduction discussion (very long duration; mg‑level dosing cautions)
- Drugs‑Forum: collated 2‑DPMP/Ivory Wave threads and adverse effect notes
- TripSit: general drug combination framework and chart (stimulant + MAOI/other stimulant risks)
- DrugWise: general stimulant harms (cardiovascular, anxiety; dose/frequency increase risks)
- Saferparty (Drug Checking & ‘wait after dosing’ safer‑use guidance; mislabel risks common with NPS)
- Drug Users Bible: stimulant overdose first‑aid priorities (cooling, hydration; seek emergency care)
- Bupropion lowers seizure threshold (precaution when combined with other risks)