Pharmacology
DrugBankMechanism of Action
Generally, doxorubicin is thought to exert its antineoplastic activity through 2 primary mechanisms: intercalation into DNA and disrupt topoisomerase-mediated repairs and free radicals-mediated cellular damages. Doxorubicin can intercalate into DNA through the anthraquinone ring, which stabilizes the complex by forming hydrogen bonds with DNA bases. Intercalation of doxorubicin can introduce torsional stress into the polynucleotide structure, thus destabilizing nucleosome structures and leading
Metabolism
Doxorubicin is capable of undergoing 3 metabolic routes: one-electron reduction, two-electron reduction, and deglycosidation. However, approximately half of the dose is eliminated from the body unchanged. The two-electron reduction is the major metabolic pathway of doxorubicin. In this pathway, doxorubicin is reduced to doxorubicinol, a secondary alcohol, by various enzymes, including Alcohol dehydrogenase NADP(+), Carbonyl reductase NADPH 1, Carbonyl reductase NADPH 3, and Aldo-keto red
The DOx compounds, as with many other serotonergic psychedelics, should not be taken in combination with SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) or tricyclic antidepressants in general to avoid serotonin syndrome, a potentially life-threatening condition in which an excess of serotonin builds up past the body's ability to catabolize it (i.e. "break it down"), which can lead to many physical and cognitive health problems. Also, an oft-observed phenomenon of the DOx chemicals is that they have an extremely long onset time relative to other psychedelics (which could prompt users to redose early and repeatedly, potentially causing a drug overdose).
LD50
LD50: 21 800 ug/kg (Subcutaneous, Rat) (A308)
Carcinogenicity
Group 2A: Probably carcinogenic to humans
Effect Profile
CuratedStrong visuals with mild headspace, auditory effects, and body load
Tolerance & Pharmacokinetics
drugs.wikiTolerance Decay
Acute tolerance: develops within a single session — the reset numbers above apply after sustained heavy use, not after one binge. Within-session tachyphylaxis usually resets largely overnight.