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    Norflurazepam molecular structure

    Norflurazepam Stats & Data

    Norfludiazepam N-desalkylflurazepam N-desalkyl-2-oxoquazepam
    NPS DataHub
    MW288.71
    FormulaC15H10ClFN2O
    CAS2886-65-9
    IUPAC7-Chloro-5-(2-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one
    SMILESO=C1CN=C(c2ccccc2F)c2cc(Cl)ccc2N1
    InChIKeyUVCOILFBWYKHHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
    Benzodiazepines; 2020/3. Benzodiazepine; 2021/3. Benzodiazepine; 2022/3. Benzodiazepine
    Chemical Class Benzodiazepine
    Psychoactive Class Depressant
    Half-Life Estimated 47–100 hours (from metabolite data of flurazepam/quazepam → desalkylflurazepam); long-acting with potential multi‑day accumulation.

    Pharmacology

    DrugBank

    Metabolism

    N-Desalkyl-2-oxoquazepam is a known human metabolite of 2-oxoquazepam.

    Receptor Profile

    Receptor Actions

    Modulators
    GABA-A receptor positive allosteric modulator (benzodiazepine site)

    Effect Profile

    Curated
    Benzodiazepine 7.6

    Strong anxiolysis and euphoria with moderate cognitive impairment, mild sedation

    Anxiolysis×3
    10
    Sedation / Relaxation×2
    5
    Motor / Cognitive Impairment×1
    7
    Euphoria / Mood Lift×1
    10

    Tolerance & Pharmacokinetics

    drugs.wiki
    Half-Life
    Estimated 47–100 hours (from metabolite data of flurazepam/quazepam → desalkylflurazepam); long-acting with potential multi‑day accumulation.
    Addiction Potential
    Moderate to high, similar to other benzodiazepines. Risk of tolerance, dependence, and medically significant withdrawal with repeated use and abrupt cessation.

    Tolerance Decay

    Full tolerance 14d Half tolerance 7d Baseline ~28d

    Tolerance builds with regular daily use over 2–4 weeks and decays slowly over 4–8 weeks after cessation; cross‑tolerance exists across benzodiazepines. Estimates are based on general benzodiazepine literature rather than norflurazepam-specific trials; interpret as heuristic guidance.

    Cross-Tolerances

    Other benzodiazepines
    80% ●○○
    Z‑drugs (e.g., zolpidem)
    40% ●○○

    Harm Reduction

    drugs.wiki

    Norflurazepam is a long-acting benzodiazepine metabolite (of flurazepam and quazepam, among others); metabolite data indicate an elimination half-life roughly 47–100 hours, so doses can accumulate over days and cause next‑day impairment even when the primary ‘high’ has faded. This makes conservative initial dosing and avoiding redosing within 24 hours especially important. Co-use with opioids or alcohol markedly raises overdose risk through synergistic respiratory depression; many emergency department analyses show worse outcomes when benzodiazepines are combined with either opioids or alcohol. Unregulated markets frequently contain benzodiazepine-related drugs mixed into opioid supplies; lab drug-checking programs have repeatedly detected desalkylflurazepam/nordiazepam in ‘fentanyl’ samples—naloxone will not reverse benzodiazepine sedation, so prolonged monitoring is required after opioid reversal. Onset can be slow (often 45–120 minutes) relative to some benzos; redosing before the first dose peaks is a common route to blackout and over-sedation. Because pellets/powders can be mislabelled or dose-uneven, use a milligram scale and consider volumetric dosing for accurate measurement. Do not inject non-pharmaceutical benzos; insoluble excipients and poor solubility can cause severe tissue/vascular injury. Avoid driving and safety-sensitive tasks for at least the day of dosing and longer if sedation persists; long half-life increases risk of next‑day psychomotor impairment. Dependence and withdrawal can develop; never stop high‑frequency or high‑dose benzodiazepine use abruptly—use a gradual, supervised taper protocol. Use caution in pregnancy and breastfeeding: desalkylflurazepam has long half-life and can accumulate in infants via breast milk when mothers take prodrugs like quazepam/ethyl loflazepate; alternative agents or medical oversight are advised. People with sleep apnea, chronic lung disease, or the elderly are at higher risk of adverse outcomes from benzos and should avoid or minimize exposure. Flumazenil is not a take‑home safety measure: in dependent users or mixed overdoses it can trigger seizures; medical care should prioritize airway support and observation.

    References

    Data Sources

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