Summary
Formerly marketed for short-term (12 weeks) weight loss as Tenuate/Tepanil. EMA recommended withdrawal in 2022 due to pulmonary hypertension and valvular heart disease risk. Functions as prodrug to ethcathinone, a preferential norepinephrine releaser with weaker dopaminergic activity. Contraindicated in uncontrolled hypertension, cardiovascular disease, hyperthyroidism, glaucoma, severe anxiety, or history of substance abuse. Rapid tolerance develops with daily use.
Dose Information
Light
Common
Strong
Heavy
Onset, Duration & After-effects
| ROA | Onset | Comeup | Peak | Offset | After Effects |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oral | 20-60 min | 30-60 min | 1-3 hrs | 1-2 hrs | 1-3 hrs |
| Insufflated | 5-15 min | 15-30 min | 1-2 hrs | 1-2 hrs | 1-3 hrs |
Tolerance
Build-up
develops rapidly, often within a single session; compulsive redosing common
Reset
a few days for acute tolerance
Effects
Positive
- Increased energy
- Stimulation
Negative
- Dry mouth
- Sweating
- Increased heart rate
- Insomnia
- Pupil dilation
- Tremor
- Headache
- Restlessness
- Elevated blood pressure
Positive
- Motivation enhancement
- Euphoria
- Cognitive euphoria
- Anxiety suppression
Negative
- Anxiety
- Irritability
- Compulsive redosing
- Increased focus
- Talkativeness
- Time distortion
Positive
- Increased music appreciation
- Increased libido
- Tactile enhancement
- Color enhancement
Negative
- Appetite suppression
- Light sensitivity
- Disinhibition
- Dehydration
- Double vision
- Dulled perception